The complete text
Grímnismál
Odin Between the Fires
About these two editions
These are complete reading editions of the poem and its accompanying prose, rather than a facsimile of Codex Regius. Bellows sometimes orders, divides, or supplements stanzas differently, so the two editions do not always share stanza numbers. Editorial introductions and footnotes are omitted; follow the source links for that commentary.
Original wording is retained. Obvious transcription errors in stanza numbering have been corrected. Spelling and names differ from the modern retelling.
Tap an underlined name for an explanation. Switch editions above at any time.
Old Norse
Normalized Old Norse · Guðni Jónsson edition · Source ↗
konungr átti tvá sonu. Hét annarr , en annarr . var tíu vetra, en átta vetra. Þeir reru tveir á báti með dorgar sínar at smáfiski. Vindr rak þá í haf út. Í náttmyrkri brutu þeir við land ok gengu upp, fundu kotbónda einn. Þar váru þeir um vetrinn. Kerling fóstraði , en karl fóstraði Geirröð ok kenndi honum ráð. At vári fekk karl þeim skip.
En er þau kerling leiddu þá til strandar, þá mælti karl einmæli við Geirröð.
Þeir fengu byr ok kómu til stöðva föður síns. var fram í skipi. Hann hljóp upp á land, en hratt út skipinu ok mælti: "Farðu nú, þar er smyl hafi þik."
Skipit rak í haf út, en gekk upp til bæjar. Honum var þar vel fagnat, en faðir hans þá andaðr. þá til konungs tekinn ok varð maðr ágætr.
ok sátu í Hliðskjálfu ok sáu um heima alla. mælti: "Sér þú , fóstra þinn, hvar hann elr börn við gýgi í hellinum, en , fóstri minn, er konungr ok sitr nú at landi?"
segir: "Hann er matníðingr sá, at hann kvelr gesti sína, ef honum þykkja of margir koma."
segir, at þat er in mesta lygi. Þau veðja um þetta mál. sendi eskimey sína Fullu til Geirröðar. Hon bað konung varast, at eigi fyrirgerði honum fjölkunnigr maðr, sá er þar var kominn í land, ok sagði þat mark á, at engi hundr var svá ólmr, at á hann mundi hlaupa.
En þat var inn mesti hégómi, at konungr væri eigi matgóðr, ok þó lætr hann handtaka þann mann, er eigi vildu hundar á ráða. Sá var í feldi blám ok nefndist og sagði ekki fleira frá sér, þótt hann væri at spurðr. Konungr lét hann pína til sagna ok setja milli elda tveggja, ok sat hann þar átta nætr.
konungr átti þá son tíu vetra gamlan, ok hét eftir bróður hans. gekk at ok gaf honum horn fullt at drekka ok sagði, at faðir hans gerði illa, er hann píndi þenna mann saklausan. drakk af. Þá var eldrinn svá kominn, at feldrinn brann af . Hann kvað:
Stanza 1Heitr ertu, hripuðr, ok heldr til mikill; göngumk firr, funi! loði sviðnar, þótt ek á loft berak; brennumk feldr fyr.
Stanza 2Átta nætr sat ek milli elda hér, svá at mér manngi mat né bauð nema einn , er einn skal ráða, Geirröðar sonr, Gotna landi.
Stanza 3Heill skaltu, , alls þik heilan biðr vera; eins drykkjar þú skalt aldrigi betri gjöld geta.
Stanza 4Land er heilagt, er ek liggja sé ásum ok alfum nær; en í Þrúðheimi skal vera unz of rjúfask regin.
Stanza 5 heita, þar er hefir sér of görva sali; gáfu í árdaga tívar at tannféi.
Stanza 6Bær er sá inn þriði, er blíð regin silfri þökðu sali; Valaskjalf heitir, er vélti sér áss í árdaga.
Stanza 7 heitir inn fjórði, en þar svalar knegu unnir yfir glymja; þar þau ok drekka um alla daga glöð ór gullnum kerum.
Stanza 8 heitir inn fimmti, þars in gullbjarta víð of þrumir; en þar Hroftr kýss hverjan dag vápndauða vera.
Stanza 9Mjök er auðkennt, þeim er til Óðins koma salkynni at séa; sköftum er rann reft, skjöldum er salr þakiðr, brynjum um bekki strát.
Stanza 10Mjök er auðkennt, þeir er til Óðins koma salkynni at séa: vargr hangir fyr vestan dyrr, ok drúpir örn yfir.
Stanza 11 heitir inn sétti, er bjó, sá inn ámáttki jötunn; en nú byggvir, skír brúðr goða, fornar tóftir föður.
Stanza 12 eru in sjaundu, en þar hefir sér of gerva sali, á því landi, er ek liggja veit fæsta feiknstafi.
Stanza 13 eru in áttu, en þar kveða valda véum; þar vörðr goða drekkr í væru ranni glaðr inn góða mjöð.
Stanza 14 er inn níundi, en þar ræðr sessa kostum í sal; halfan val hon kýss hverjan dag, en halfan á.
Stanza 15 er inn tíundi, hann er gulli studdr ok silfri þakðr it sama; en þar byggir flestan dag ok svæfir allar sakir.
Stanza 16 eru in elliftu, en þar hefir, sér of görva sali; manna þengill inn meins vani hátimbruðum hörgi ræðr.
Stanza 17Hrísi vex ok háu grasi Víðars land viði; en þar mögr of læzt af mars baki frækn at hefna föður.
Stanza 18 lætr í Eldhrímni Sæhrímni soðinn, fleska bezt; en þat fáir vitu, við hvat einherjar alask.
Stanza 19Gera ok Freka seðr gunntamiðr hróðigr Herjaföður; en við vín eitt vápngöfugr æ lifir.
Stanza 20 ok fljúga hverjan dag Jörmungrund yfir; óumk ek of , at hann aftr né komi-t, þó sjámk meir of .
Stanza 21Þýtr Þund, unir Þjóðvitnis fiskr flóði í; árstraumr þykkir ofmikill Valglaumni at vaða.
Stanza 22 heitir, er stendr velli á heilög fyr helgum dyrum; forn er sú grind, en þat fáir vitu, hvé hon er í lás of lokin.
Stanza 23Fimm hundruð dura ok umb fjórum tögum, svá hygg ek á Valhöllu vera; átta hundruð Einherja ganga senn ór einum durum, þá er þeir fara við vitni at vega.
Stanza 24Fimm hundruð golfa ok umb fjórum tögum, svá hygg ek Bilskirrni með bugum; ranna þeira, er ek reft vita, míns veit ek mest magar.
Stanza 25 heitir geit, er stendr höllu á ok bítr af Læraðs limum; skapker fylla hon skal ins skíra mjaðar; kná-at sú veig vanask.
Stanza 26 heitir hjörtr, er stendr höllu á ok bítr af Læraðs limum; en af hans hornum drýpr í Hvergelmi, þaðan eigu vötn öll vega.
Stanza 27Síð ok Víð, ok Eikin, ok Gunnþró, ok Fimbulþul, ok Rennandi, ok , ok , þær hverfa um hodd goða, Þyn ok Vín, Þöll ok Höll, Gráð ok Gunnþorin.
Stanza 28Vína heitir ein, önnur Vegsvinn, þriðja Þjóðnuma, ok Nöt, Nönn ok Hrönn, Slíð ok Hríð, Sylgr ok Ylgr, Víð ok Ván, ok , Gjöll ok Leiftr, þær falla gumnum nær, er falla til Heljar heðan.
Stanza 29 ok ok Kerlaugar tvær, þær skal vaða dag hvern, er hann dæma ferr at aski , því at ásbrú brenn öll loga, heilög vötn hlóa.
Stanza 30Glaðr ok , Glær ok Skeiðbrimir, Silfrintoppr ok , ok , Gulltoppr ok , þeim ríða æsir jóm dag hvern, er þeir dæma fara at aski .
Stanza 31Þríar rætr standa á þría vega undan aski ; býr und einni, annarri hrímþursar, þriðju mennskir menn.
Stanza 32 heitir íkorni, er renna skal at aski , arnar orð hann skal ofan bera ok segja Niðhöggvi niðr.
Stanza 33Hirtir eru ok fjórir, þeirs af hæfingar gaghalsir gnaga: Dáinn ok , Duneyrr ok Duraþrór.
Stanza 34Ormar fleiri liggja und aski , en þat of hyggi hverr ósviðra apa: Góinn ok Móinn, þeir ro Grafvitnis synir, Grábakr ok Grafvölluðr, ok , hygg ek, at æ skyli meiðs kvistu má.
Stanza 35 drýgir erfiði meira en menn um viti: hjörtr bítr ofan, en á hliðu fúnar, skerðir Niðhöggr neðan.
Stanza 36 ok Mist vil ek, at mér horn beri, ok , ok Þrúðr, ok , Göll ok , Randgríðr ok Ráðgríðr ok , þær bera Einherjum öl.
Stanza 37Árvakr ok Alsviðr þeir skulu upp heðan svangir sól draga; en und þeira bógum fálu blíð regin, æsir, ísarnkol.
Stanza 38Svalinn heitir, hann stendr sólu fyrir, skjöldr, skínanda goði; björg ok brim, ek veit, at brenna skulu, ef hann fellr í frá.
Stanza 39 heitir ulfr, er fylgir inu skírleita goði til varna viðar, en annarr , hann er Hróðvitnis sonr, sá skal fyr heiða brúði himins.
Stanza 40Ór holdi var jörð of sköpuð, en ór sveita sær, björg ór beinum, baðmr ór hári, en ór hausi himinn.
Stanza 41En ór hans brám gerðu blíð regin manna sonum, en ór hans heila váru þau in harðmóðgu ský öll of sköpuð.
Stanza 42Ullar hylli hefr ok allra goða hverr er tekr fyrstr á funa, því at opnir heimar verða of ása sonum, þá er hefja af hvera.
Stanza 43Ívalda synir gengu í árdaga Skíðblaðni at skapa, skipa bezt, skírum , nýtum Njarðar bur.
Stanza 44 , hann er æðstr viða, en Skíðblaðnir skipa, ása, en jóa , brúa, en skalda, Hábrók hauka, en hunda .
Stanza 45Svipum hef ek nú yppt fyr sigtíva sonum, við þat skal vilbjörg vaka; öllum ásum þat skal inn koma bekki á, drekku at.
Stanza 46Hétumk Grímr, hétumk , Herjann ok , Þekkr ok Þriði, Þundr ok Uðr, Herblindi ok .
Stanza 47Saðr ok Svipall ok Sanngetall, Herteitr ok , Bileygr, Báleygr, Bölverkr, , Grímr ok , Glapsviðr ok Fjölsviðr;
Stanza 48Síðhöttr, Síðskeggr, Sigföðr, Hnikuðr, Alföðr, Valföðr, Atríðr ok ; einu nafni hétumk aldregi, síz ek með folkum fór.
Stanza 49 mik hétu at Geirröðar, en at Ásmundar, en þá , er ek kjálka dró, Þrór þingum at, Viðurr at vígum, Óski ok Ómi, Jafnhár ok , ok með goðum.
Stanza 50Sviðurr ok Sviðrir er ek hét at Sökkmímis, ok dulðak þann inn aldna jötun, þá er ek Miðvitnis vark ins mæra burar orðinn einbani.
Stanza 51Ölr ertu, , hefr þú ofdrukkit; miklu ertu hnugginn, er þú ert mínu gengi, öllum Einherjum ok Óðins hylli.
Stanza 52Fjölð ek þér sagðak, en þú fátt of mant; of þik véla vinir; mæki liggja ek sé míns vinar allan í dreyra drifinn.
Stanza 53Eggmóðan val nú mun Yggr hafa, þitt veit ek líf of liðit; úfar ro , nú knáttu sjá, nálgasktu mik, ef þú megir.
Stanza 54 ek nú heiti, Yggr ek áðan hét, hétumk Þundr fyr þat, Vakr ok Skilfingr, Váfuðr ok Hroftatýr, Gautr ok Jalkr með goðum, ok , er ek hygg, at orðnir sé allir af einum mér.
konungr sat ok hafði sverð um kné sér ok brugðit til miðs. En er hann heyrði, at var þar kominn, þá stóð hann upp ok vildi taka frá eldinum. Sverðit slapp ór hendi honum, ok vissu hjöltin niðr. Konungr drap fæti ok steypðist áfram, en sverðit stóð í gögnum hann, ok fekk hann bana. hvarf þá, en var þar konungr lengi síðan.
English translation
Henry Adams Bellows · First published 1923 · Source & commentary ↗
King had two sons: one was called , and the other . was ten winters old, and eight. Once they both rowed in a boat with their fishing-gear to catch little fish; and the wind drove them out into the sea. In the darkness of the night they were wrecked on the shore; and going up, they found a poor peasant, with whom they stayed through the winter. The housewife took care of , and the peasant cared for , and taught him wisdom. In the spring the peasant gave him a boat; and when the couple led them to the shore, the peasant spoke secretly with . They had a fair wind, and came to their father's landing-place. was forward in the boat; he leaped up on land, but pushed out the boat and said, "Go thou now where evil may have thee!" The boat drifted out to sea. , however, went up to the house, and was well received, but his father was dead.
Then was made king, and became a renowned man.
and sat in and looked over all the worlds. said: "Seest thou , thy foster ling, how he begets children with a giantess in the cave? But , my fosterling, is a king, and now rules over his land." said: "He is so miserly that he tortures his guests if he thinks that too many of them come to him." replied that this was the greatest of lies; and they made a wager about this matter. sent her maid-servant, , to .
She bade the king beware lest a magician who was come thither to his land should bewitch him, and told this sign concerning him, that no dog was so fierce as to leap at him. Now it was a very great slander that King was not hospitable; but nevertheless he had them take the man whom the dogs would not attack. He wore a dark-blue mantle and called himself , but said no more about himself, though he was questioned. The king had him tortured to make him speak, and set him between two fires, and he sat there eight nights. King had a son ten winters old, and called after his father's brother. went to , and gave him a full horn to drink from, and said that the king did ill in letting him be tormented with out cause. drank from the horn; the fire had come so near that the mantle burned on 's back. He spake:
Stanza 1Hot art thou, fire! | too fierce by far; Get ye now gone, ye flames! The mantle is burnt, | though I bear it aloft, And the fire scorches the fur.
Stanza 2'Twixt the fires now | eight nights have I sat, And no man brought meat to me, Save alone, | and alone shall rule 's son o'er the .
Stanza 3Hail to thee, ! | for hailed thou art By the voice of ; For a single drink | shalt thou never receive A greater gift as reward.
Stanza 4The land is holy | that lies hard by The gods and the elves together; And shall ever | in dwell, Till the gods to destruction go.
Stanza 5 call they | the place where A hall for himself hath set; And the gods | to once gave As a tooth-gift in ancient times.
Stanza 6A third home is there, | with silver thatched By the hands of the gracious gods: is it, | in days of old Set by a god for himself.
Stanza 7 is the fourth, | where cool waves flow, And amid their murmur it stands; There daily do | and Saga drink In gladness from cups of gold.
Stanza 8The fifth is , | and gold-bright there Stands stretching wide; And there does | each day choose The men who have fallen in fight.
Stanza 9Easy is it to know | for him who to Comes and beholds the hall; Its rafters are spears, | with shields is it roofed, On its benches are breastplates strewn.
Stanza 10Easy is it to know | for him who to Comes and beholds the hall; There hangs a wolf | by the western door, And o'er it an eagle hovers.
Stanza 11The sixth is , | where dwelt, The giant of marvelous might; Now abides, | the god's fair bride, In the home that her father had.
Stanza 12The seventh is ; | has there For himself a dwelling set, In the land I know | that lies so fair, And from evil fate is free.
Stanza 13 is the eighth, | and there O'er men holds sway, it is said; In his well-built house | does the warder of heaven The good mead gladly drink.
Stanza 14The ninth is , | where decrees Who shall have seats in the hall; The half of the dead | each day does she choose, And half does have.
Stanza 15The tenth is ; | its pillars are gold, And its roof with silver is set; There most of his days | does dwell, And sets all strife at end.
Stanza 16The eleventh is ; | there has For himself a dwelling set; The sinless ruler | of men there sits In his temple timbered high.
Stanza 17Filled with growing trees | and high-standing grass Is , 's land; But there did the son | from his steed leap down, When his father he fain would avenge.
Stanza 18In | cooks 's seething flesh,-- The best of food, | but few men know On what fare the warriors feast.
Stanza 19 and | does feed, The far-famed fighter of old: But on wine alone | does the weapon-decked god, , forever live.
Stanza 20O'er | and both Each day set forth to fly; For I fear | lest he come not home, But for my care is more.
Stanza 21Loud roars , | and 's fish joyously fares in the flood; Hard does it seem | to the host of the slain To wade the torrent wild.
Stanza 22There stands, | the sacred gate, And behind are the holy doors; Old is the gate, | but few there are Who can tell how it tightly is locked.
Stanza 23Five hundred doors | and forty there are, I ween, in 's walls; Eight hundred fighters | through one door fare When to war with the wolf they go.
Stanza 24Five hundred rooms | and forty there are I ween, in built; Of all the homes | whose roofs I beheld, My son's the greatest meseemed.
Stanza 25 is the goat | who stands by 's hall, And the branches of Lærath she bites; The pitcher she fills | with the fair, clear mead, Ne'er fails the foaming drink.
Stanza 26 is the hart | who stands by 's hall And the branches of Lærath he bites; From his horns a stream | into drops, Thence all the rivers run.
Stanza 27 and , | and , and , | , and , and , and , | and , That flow through the fields of the gods; and Vin, | and , and .
Stanza 28 is one, | another, And a third; and Not, | Non and , and , | and , and , | and , and , | that go among men, And hence they fall to .
Stanza 29 and | and the Kerlaugs twain Shall each day wade through, (When dooms to give | he forth shall go To the ash-tree ;) For heaven's bridge | burns all in flame, And the sacred waters seethe.
Stanza 30 and , | and , and , and , | and , On these steeds the gods shall go When dooms to give | each day they ride To the ash-tree .
Stanza 31Three roots there are | that three ways run 'Neath the ash-tree ; 'Neath the first lives , | 'neath the second the frost-giants, 'Neath the last are the lands of men.
Stanza 32 is the squirrel | who there shall run On the ash-tree ; From above the words | of the eagle he bears, And tells them to beneath.
Stanza 33Four harts there are, | that the highest twigs Nibble with necks bent back; and , | . . . . . . and .
Stanza 34More serpents there are | beneath the ash Than an unwise ape would think; and , | 's sons, and , and | shall ever, methinks, Gnaw at the twigs of the tree.
Stanza 35's ash | great evil suffers, Far more than men do know; The hart bites its top, | its trunk is rotting, And gnaws beneath.
Stanza 36 and Mist | bring the horn at my will, and ; and , | Hlok and , and , and | and Beer to the warriors bring.
Stanza 37Arvak and | up shall drag Weary the weight of the sun; But an iron cool | have the kindly gods Of yore set under their yokes.
Stanza 38In front of the sun | does stand, The shield for the shining god; Mountains and sea | would be set in flames If it fell from before the sun.
Stanza 39 is the wolf | that to Follows the glittering god, And the son of , | , awaits The burning bride of heaven.
Stanza 40Out of 's flesh | was fashioned the earth, And the ocean out of his blood; Of his bones the hills, | of his hair the trees, Of his skull the heavens high.
Stanza 41 the gods | from his eyebrows made, And set for the sons of men; And out of his brain | the baleful clouds They made to move on high.
Stanza 42His the favor of | and of all the gods Who first in the flames will reach; For the house can be seen | by the sons of the gods If the kettle aside were cast.
Stanza 43In days of old | did Ivaldi's sons fashion fair, The best of ships | for the bright god , The noble son of .
Stanza 44The best of trees | must be, best of boats; Of all the gods | is the greatest, And the best of steeds; of bridges, | of skalds, of hawks, | and of hounds.
Stanza 45To the race of the gods | my face have I raised, And the wished-for aid have I waked; For to all the gods | has the message gone That sit in 's seats, That drink within 's doors.
Stanza 46 is my name, | am 1, and , and , | and , and ;
Stanza 47 and | and , and , , , | , , and , | , .
Stanza 48, , | , , Allfather, , | , : A single name | have I never had Since first among men I fared.
Stanza 49 they call me | in 's hall, With Asmund am I; I was | when I went in a sledge, At the council am I called, As I fare to the fight; Oski, , | and Omi, and midst gods.
Stanza 50I deceived the giant | old As and of yore; Of 's son | the slayer I was When the famed one found his doom.
Stanza 51Drunk art thou, , | too much didst thou drink, . . . . . . . . . . Much hast thou lost, | for help no more From me or my heroes thou hast.
Stanza 52Small heed didst thou take | to all that I told, And false were the words of thy friends; For now the sword | of my friend I see, That waits all wet with blood.
Stanza 53Thy sword-pierced body | shall have soon, For thy life is ended at last; The maids are hostile; | now behold! Now come to me if thou canst!
Stanza 54Now am I , | was I once, Ere that did they call me ; and , | and , and midst the gods; and , | and all, methinks, Are names for none but me.
King sat and had his sword on his knee, half drawn from its sheath. But when he heard that was come thither, then he rose up and sought to take from the fire. The sword slipped from his hand, and fell with the hilt down. The king stumbled and fell forward, and the sword pierced him through, and slew him. Then vanished, but long ruled there as king.